Airfoils

The bulk of downforce created by the wings or spoilers on a car is abased primarily on two things:

The shape, including apparent area, aspect arrangement and array of the device, and

The device's acclimatization (or bend of attack).

A beyond apparent breadth creates greater downforce and greater annoyance (also accepted as air resistance). The aspect arrangement is the amplitude of the airfoil disconnected by its depth. The aspect arrangement blueprint is accounting like AR=b squared/s, breadth AR=aspect ratio, b=spand squared, and s=wing area. Also, a greater bend of advance (or tilt) of the addition or spoiler, creates added downforce, which puts added burden on the rear auto and added drag.